The only way for an enterprise to gain access to the market is to continuously make the quality of its products meet the requirements of its customers, satisfy them and gradually cultivate an excellent and lasting reputation for quality in front of them. The establishment of an effective plating product quality assurance system and the implementation of these elements will further enhance the ability to adapt to market competition and the effectiveness of management. The plating product quality assurance system includes three aspects: firstly, the equipment assurance system; secondly, the technical assurance system; and thirdly, the management assurance system. This three interdependence, mutual constraints, promote each other.
First, the equipment protection system
1、Rational selection of plating equipment (including machines, equipment, tools and hanging tools).
2、Maintenance of equipment is necessary to ensure the production of electroplating, here is only the maintenance of hanging tools as an example. ①Storage. After use, hangers should be cleaned and stored properly to avoid erosion by acid and alkali gases. ②Removal of thick plating. When the hangers are sunk with too thick a plating layer, the plating layer should be removed with the corresponding plating solution or peeled off with steel wire pliers. ③Refinishing. Has broken warped insulation rubber to repair in time, otherwise not only affect the normal deposition of the workpiece, but also entrain the solution of the previous process and brought to the solution of the next process, so that the solution of the next process is contaminated. ④ Damage prevention. Hanging tools should be stored in different categories to prevent piling up and putting them in a disorderly manner, and prevent them from being damaged by hooking each other.
Second, the technical security system
1、The unity of technical reliability and process integrity is the key to improve the quality of electroplating.
Plating production with advanced equipment is not enough, to improve the quality of plating, plating technology reliability and process integrity must be matched with advanced equipment, the quality can be guaranteed. For example: how to pretreat the plated parts, the size of the current/voltage, the choice of plating additives, the application of brightening agents.
2, plating solution circulation stirring technology is an important link to stabilise and improve the quality of plating plating production, high quality requirements of the plated parts are completed in the flow of plating solution. Circulation stirring method is different, the effect is also different, there are air stirring, cathode moving method, filter filtration circulation stirring method and so on.
3, plating solution filtration is a potential factor to improve the quality of plating can not be ignored to improve the quality of plating products, plating solution filtration is a potential factor that can not be ignored. The clearer the plating solution, the better the quality of plating.
4、Maintenance of plating solution is a necessary condition to ensure the quality of plating The maintenance of plating solution needs to be carried out in the following four aspects: a. improve the ratio of the amount of various components of the solution (including analysis and adjustment); b. solution filtration and slag removal; c. solution reuse in production; d. solution processing at a certain stage.
The main salt in the solution is the most important factor in determining the performance and quality of the plating.
When the main salt concentration is lower than the process requirements, the current efficiency is reduced, the current density decreases, the tip part is very easy to scorch, the role of brightener is reduced, and even in the low current area can not get the plating.
PH value is an important factor in the plating process, the PH value of the plating solution should be frequently tested and recorded accordingly, and should be adjusted in time when it is out of the process range, the adjustment method is to add the acid or alkali with the same ion as the main salt after dilution while stirring, and not to add the concentrated acid or alkali directly to the plating solution. Temperature is also an important factor affecting product quality. For example, after the conductive oxidation of aluminium and aluminium alloys, soaking in warm water is a very necessary protective process. The temperature of the warm water should not exceed 50°C. Under this temperature, it is sufficient to fully remove the oxidation solution remaining on the surface of the oxide film, so that the surface of the oxide film is cleaned, thus helping to improve the protective properties of the oxide film layer. Too high a temperature is detrimental to the quality of the film layer, causing cracks and pores to increase, reducing the electrical conductivity of the protective properties of the film layer.
The drying temperature of aluminium and aluminium alloys after conductive oxidation should also not exceed 50°C. The operating time should be strictly controlled. For example: the conductive oxidation of aluminium and aluminium alloys is operated strictly according to the process requirements and the film layer obtained has good conductive properties. If the oxidation time is too long, the thickness of the film layer will increase, which will not only affect the electrical conductivity of the film layer, but the film layer will also be earthy and look old. Additives have a great impact on the quality of the plating, so in order to prevent a shortage or excess of additives, it is best to add less and more according to the consumption. In addition, any chemicals added to the bath should be recorded on duty so that the cause of any abnormalities can be identified and action taken in a timely manner.
Third, Quality Management System
The quality management system consists of three major systems: the quality assurance system, the process assurance system and the inspection system.
- In order to ensure quality, the quality assurance system can be described in the form of a quality assurance system diagram, etc., which department does what and when in the daily management from the production preparation stage to the plating product shipment stage. Establish internal quality monitoring and quality improvement mechanisms, strengthen the management of abnormalities when they occur, and develop and implement corrective and preventive measures.
2、Establish the correct concept of survival by quality, and production staff follow the quality principle of “no receiving unqualified products, no producing unqualified products, no releasing unqualified products”. At the same time, the use of simple inspection methods seriously do a good job of self-inspection and mutual inspection. For example, aluminium and aluminium alloy anodic oxide film can be checked by the following simple methods. ①View the colour. Has generated oxide film of pure aluminium surface is milky white, cast aluminium, miscellaneous aluminium is grey-black. Not generated oxide film surface is transparent bright white, some surfaces are also accompanied by pink or grey-black hanging frost. ② Measuring resistance. The oxide film has been generated when the test has resistance, under normal pressure does not conduct electricity. Those without oxide film can conduct electricity when tested. ③Scratch. The surface of the oxide film is very hard and does not scratch when scratched with a needle. The surface of unproduced oxide film is very soft and has resistance and scratches when scratched with a needle. ④Listen to the sound. The oxide film is produced with a crisp sound when tapped. Those that have not produced oxide film have a muffled sound when tapped. ⑤ Colouring test. Those that have produced an oxide film can be coloured quickly in the dye solution. Those that have not produced an oxide film cannot be coloured in the dye.
3、The inspection system includes the following 6 aspects: ①the setting of inspection points; ②the preparation and revision of inspection guidelines; ③the adjustment of inspection standards; ④the implementation and recording of inspections; ⑤the management and identification of products; and ⑥the management of measuring instruments. Quality is manufactured, not inspected, and it is impossible to ensure that product quality remains stable with just a few inspectors. Quality is not something that can be achieved alone, but with the participation of all staff. People at all levels are the foundation of the organisation and only with the full participation of everyone. Only by taking product quality to a new level will plating companies have a greater market and hope.